【explain的用法】“Explain” 是一个常见的英语动词，意思是“解释、说明、阐明”。它在日常交流和写作中使用频率很高，掌握其正确用法对提高英语表达能力非常有帮助。以下是对 “explain” 的用法进行总结，并结合实例说明。
一、基本用法
1. 结构：explain + 宾语 + (that) 从句
- 表示“向某人解释某事”或“解释某个事实”。
- 例句：She explained the problem to me clearly.
2. 结构：explain + that 从句
- 用于正式或书面语中，说明某个观点或情况。
- 例句：He explained that he was late because of traffic.
3. 结构：explain + 介词短语
- 表示“解释某物的用途、功能等”。
- 例句：Can you explain how this machine works?
4. 结构：explain + 疑问词（who, what, where, when, why, how）引导的从句
- 常用于提问或询问原因。
- 例句：Could you explain why the meeting was canceled?
二、常见搭配与短语
| 搭配 | 释义 | 例句 |
| explain something to someone | 向某人解释某事 | I need to explain the rules to the new students. |
| explain oneself | 为自己辩解 | He tried to explain himself after being accused. |
| explain away | 推脱、找借口 | She tried to explain away her mistake. |
| explain the situation | 解释情况 | The manager explained the situation to the team. |
三、常见错误与注意事项
1. 不要混淆 explain 和 express
- “Explain” 强调“解释清楚”，而 “express” 更多表示“表达思想或情感”。
- 错误：He expressed his opinion about the project.
- 正确：He explained his opinion about the project.
2. 注意 explain 后面不能直接跟名词，必须加介词或从句
- 错误：He explained the problem.
- 正确：He explained the problem to us.
3. 避免重复使用 explain
- 在写作中，可以适当替换为 clarify, elaborate, state, describe 等词汇。
四、总结表格
| 类型 | 结构 | 说明 | 例子 |
| 基本结构 | explain + 宾语 + (that) 从句 | 向某人解释某事 | She explained the plan to the team. |
| 介词结构 | explain + 介词短语 | 解释某物的用途 | Can you explain this word? |
| 疑问词结构 | explain + 疑问词 + 从句 | 询问原因或方式 | Could you explain how it works? |
| 常见搭配 | explain to someone | 向某人解释 | He explained the rules to the class. |
| 常见搭配 | explain away | 找借口 | She explained away her mistake. |
通过以上内容可以看出，“explain” 虽然是一个简单动词，但使用时需要注意语法结构和搭配习惯。在实际应用中，灵活运用这些结构可以帮助你更准确地表达自己的意思。